CONDUCTOR CASING

CHARACTERISTICS

* SHALLOW- USUALLY LESS THAN 100 FEET DEEP

* LARGE PIPE - 20 OD UP 36 OR LARGER

* MUST BE CHAIND DOWN WHILE CEMENTING

PURPOSES

* PREVENTS WASHING OUT UNDER RIG

* IS ELEVATION FOR BELL NIPPLE AND FLOW NIPPLE

        ESTABLISH RETURNS TO SURFACE

        DIRECT RETURNS TO MUD PITS

CEMENTS USED

ACCELERATED (A , G ، H ) OR CONSTRUCTION CEMENT

READY MIX CONCRETE SOMETIMS USED

CEMENTING PROCEDURES

IF NO WIPER PLUGS USED , JUST DISPLACE CASING

OFTEN CEMENTED THROUGH DRILL PIPE (INNER STRING) THANKS ALL

Casing Cementing - 1

Casing Cementing

(Primary Cementing)

       Single Stage

Conductor

 Surface

 Intermediate

 Production

 Drilling Liner

  Production Liner

*  Multiple Stage

 Surface

 Intermediate

 Production

 Liner

  Miscellaneous

 Top Out Surface

 Inner String

 Scob Liner

Offshore Drilling rig

An image of some components included on an offshore drilling rig. Examples: Mud pump, hydro-pneumatic subsurface accumulator system for blowout preventor, hydro-pneumatic skid package system for blowout preventer remote control, and drill pipe.

Christmas tree

Driling Rig

mud injection hose

Flexible hose that introduces the drilling mud into the swivel.

anticline

Geologic stratum that results from the convex folding of rock formations; large pools of oil often accumulate in it.

impervious rock

Layer of impermeable rock that covers and protects the oil deposit; it prevents hydrocarbons from migrating into other rocks.

oil

Flammable, relatively viscous oily liquid that is used as an energy source; it is made up of various hydrocarbons resulting from the decomposition of plant life over millions of year.

gas

Mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons (mainly methane) that are found in underground deposits, which sometimes also contain crude oil; it is used mainly as a fuel.

engine

Device converting the combustion of fuel and air into mechanical energy.

substructure

Metal infrastructure that supports the derrick, engines and auxiliary equipment.

vibrating mudscreen

Perforated vibrating tray that is used to filter mud as it exits the well to remove debris and recycle the mud.

lifting hook

Steel part that is attached to the traveling block; it is used to support the swivel and the drill pipes.

derrick

Metal structure erected over an oil well; tools for drilling through rock are raised and lowered through it.

crown block

Mechanical device that is mounted on top of the derrick; it has several pulleys and, with the traveling block, it supports the drill pipes.

mud pump

Device that circulates the mud in the drilling rig.

mud pit

Basin that contains mud (a mixture of water, clay and chemical products) used mainly to cool and lubricate the bit and to remove debris.

drilling drawworks

Device that consists of a cylinder on which hoisting cables are wound; it is used to lower the drill pipes and bit into the well and to lift them out.

swivel

Piece attached to the lifting hook and the kelly; it is used to introduce mud into the drill pipe to cool and lubricate the bit.

traveling block

Movable mechanical device with pulleys; it is attached by cable to the crown block and fitted with a lifting hook.

drill pipe

Hollow steel rods that are joined together according to the depth of the excavation; their rotation activates the bit.

drill collar

Heavy steel tube immediately above the bit that applies a certain weight to the bit to help it cut into the rock.

bit

Rotating drill bit with toothed steel or diamond wheels; it bores into rock to break it up and drill a hole.

rotary system

Drilling device in which a kelly is attached to a rotary table; with the help of powerful motors, it transmits the rotative movement to the kellys.

rotary table

Circular table that is moved by powerful motors; it transmits its rotative movement to the drill pipes by means of the kelly.

kelly

Special square rod that is screwed to the top of the drill pipes and driven by the rotary table.

Drilling and extraction of oil

Drilling and extraction of oilThe process of drilling of the most important and most dangerous operations and the most expensive, which is the only technique to extract oil from the ground, and the process of extracting oil through four basic stages are:1 - Oil Well Drilling Oil Well DrillingOil wells are drilled by drilling Rahoi (Rotary Drilling) which are used by the drilling rigCan be described briefly as follows:Rahoi rig drilling rig:Used drilling rig in the process of rotary drilling, which consists of basic parts to help in the process of drilling.A - Tower Drilling: derrickIt is a metal tower standing above a broad horizontal platform and is used in towerThe installation of drilling vertical columns and connected to each other, then pushed to the bottom in a spiral

B - Columns Drilling: tige de forageA metal poles very solid end links to connect the edges together to form the column longer, and is characterized by columns of holes as hollow to allow passage of drilling mud inside.



C - head drilling (Drill): bitIs a mass of metal manufactured in different geometrical shapes, with sharp edges may beIn the form of lace work on the fragmentation of rocks, a hollow and contain holes in theDown precipitously allow drilling mud to the cavity through the hole.


D - Drilling mud: mudIt is a chemical mixed with water to the ground to be thick liquid. During the drilling processThis fluid is pumped by pumps through a huge cavity inside the drill pipeUp to top of drilling, and out through holes in the rush to the bottom of the well upward to even higherUp to the surface carrying the rock cuttings resulting from the drilling process, and on the surface passesMud on the filter separates rock cuttings from the mud. Mud, and then pay again toCavity to re-drill the ball and be known as the cycle of drilling mud.Can be summarized the benefits of using drilling mud as follows: cooling drilling equipment, with high temperature because of friction with the rocks during drilling. Directed by rock fragments resulting from the drilling process during the eruption of mud from the bottom of the well to the surface. increase the coherence of the wall of drilling to prevent the collapse of the walls of the hole during drilling. avoid the release of gas or fluids under high pressure in the ground, which may lead to an explosion in the case of the well and by balancing the weight of the mud column in the drilling of the pressure of the gases and fluids in the rock layers.


2 - Well Well Casing LiningUpon the arrival of drilling to depths of a particular well is lined with steel pipe called a tube lining (Casing) This tube is lowered from the top of the well to the pump room and installs the special quality of the cement between the wall of the well and pipe lining work to install pipe in the wall. This prevents the tube from the collapse of the well, and also prevents the loss of mud during the height of the surface of the ground and Btakllah through the walls of the well (especially if the rock is porous, the porosity) or through the cavernous cavities may exist in some areas of drilling. Also, this tube prevents leakage of water from the groundwater-bearing layers of the earth into the well. And the diameter of the tube when a large folding the top and gradually getting smaller to greater depths. Before starting to dig a new phase of the well conducts tube lining after it is installed in concrete, with a well under the platform tower drilling, consists of the well head of a group of ceiling (Flanges), fittings and valves conducts on the top My mind blast (Blow out Preventer, Bop) which will enable them to prevent out of gas or oil or water during drilling until drilling operations and lining and other in safety.


3 - punching drill pipe:At the end of drilling and make sure that access to the aquifers of the oil is lowered shipment specific explosives occur explosion limited allows Pttguib drill pipe and the widening cracks in the rocks of the reservoir, has been the process of drilling in depths are different in the well itself, and thus are well double production as in the figure and if not appropriate flow of oil, it is lowered the amount of hydrochloric acid, especially in layers to increase the permeability of the limestone rocks, and may be disrupt the rock layer by using high pressure to allow the entry into force oil to the bottom of the drill pipe.After drilling the well is lowered tube diameter of about three inches inside the well, if the double-well production, padding is inserted between the tube and pipe production, folding over the area flock to the lower production of oil from this class through this tube. The production of the region flock to the top of the space between the pipe and tube production folding as seen in the figure.
4 - Holiday Tree Christmas s Tree BirthDuring drilling operations will be well filled with heavy drilling mud to get over the pressure. This allows at the end of drilling operations and requirements of lifting mind blast (BOP) without gravity. Then install the well head and connected to tube production and tube folding at the top of the tower.And the well head is a set of valves and fittings which to control the flow of oil, and is called the well head in this case a tree Holiday Birth (Christmass Tree). See Fig. The mud is removed after the folding of the tube to pump the water until the water becomes less than the pressure in the layer of oil produced and when it pays a mixture of oil and gas in front of the water in the well and begin production.

وظائف في شركة بترول

اصدقائي الاعزاء
يمكنكم ارسال السيرة الذاتية علي البريد الاليكتروني
maie.farrag@apetco.net
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